FreeBSD Serial (64): NetBIOS name resolution

In the development of personal computers and local area network early, in order to achieve network capacity of personal computers, Microsoft and IBM co-developed a protocol NetBIOS, which is a call interface for network communications, IBM developers as they consider this agreement BIOS designed as a basic computer network access interface, the use of the NetBIOS name. The NetBIOS interface development on the use of Microsoft Web servers and corresponding client software.

And IBM Token Ring and Ethernet on the direct implementation of the NetBIOS driver realized the NetBIOS and the physical network layer in between the specific interface, these programs follow the standards known as NetBEUI. NetBEUI direct control of the Token Ring and Ethernet drivers, so it can only run in the local area network. However, the lower NetBIOS itself did not limit the use of the protocol, so it only can run under the NetBEUI support, but also can run in the other protocol support. Other web developers in some other basis of the agreement also achieved NetBIOS interface, such as TCP / IP, IPX and Decnet so. Including the use of NetBIOS over IP TCP / IP protocol, thus the lower the compatibility with the Unix computer, a Unix and PC systems based on communication.

Windows family of computers does not necessarily use IP as its network transport protocol, it can also make use of IPX or NetBEUI protocol, but FreeBSD does not support IPX or NetBEUI on NetBIOS, must configure IP protocol for the Windows clients can share with each other FreeBSD resources.

NetBIOS name resolution

As a matter of fact is a NetBIOS and TCP / IP standards developed independently, although it can use TCP / IP as the transport protocol, but due to the different concept, it does not use TCP / IP to provide the full capacity, but to use their own way to accomplish similar work. The biggest difference is the way name resolution, NetBIOS name resolution with its own independent concepts and capabilities, so it uses the name resolution mode on and the TCP / IP in the standard analytical methods 鈹?鈹?DNS different. In the NetBIOS name resolution must be received one named after the corresponding IP address, NetBIOS sessions can be established on the basis of normal TCP connection was. Therefore, NetBIOS, the NetBIOS name resolution is a conversation with ordinary TCP connection biggest difference.

NetBIOS name resolution and DNS name resolution of NetBIOS is the biggest difference is that dynamic, the computer must first register their names before they can resolve to the name. Although dynamic analysis brought great convenience, but more complex and inefficient, so only for small-scale local area network.

Each NetBIOS name can be up to 16 characters, 16 characters Enter the name used to identify the type of procedure used. When the NetBIOS computer to communicate, it must be based on NetBIOS names, not based on IP address. A NetBIOS service program must first register their NetBIOS name, and an application will need to NetBIOS name queries needed. For example, after each Windows computer starts initializing the network configuration when using the computer name used to initialize its NetBIOS name.

NetBIOS name resolution method

From the NetBIOS name to find the corresponding node address (TCP / IP protocol for the IP address) to find several different ways.

Local Radio: send broadcast on the local network, by broadcasting the NetBIOS name of a device, find the corresponding IP address. Broadcast can be used to register their NetBIOS name, such as a computer can broadcast the name of the machine, declared itself to other computers using the NetBIOS name.

Buffer: Each NetBIOS computer support, maintenance of a NetBIOS name and IP address of the corresponding list of the names of all of these correspond to a certain degree of survival in order to update.

NetBIOS name server: use a name server to provide the name and IP resolution between the tasks, the NetBIOS name server known as the NBNS (NetBIOS Name Server), Miscrosoft achieved NBNS name server for the WINS (Windows Internet Name Service). NBN S NetBIOS computer must first register their NetBIOS name, complete name of the registration process.

Predefined file lmhosts: Microsoft Windows through the Find a local file lmhos ts stored in the data, to identify the network name and IP NetBIOS relationship, this approach is not a NetBIOS name recognition of standards, but it is Microsoft's implementation approach, and therefore a kind of de facto standard.

Resolve through DNS and the hosts file: DNS server and the local hosts file, stored data is used for standard TCP / IP protocol used to convert between names and IP the way, but with no other way to find the corresponding node address, Microsft Window s are usually also through the standard TCP / IP name resolution methods, to name and IP conversion. This is not the same NetBIOS standard, but the expansion of Micorsoft.

NetBIOS means of identification from five, and one of the names registered with different methods in conducting the different combinations, different names on the form recognition strategy. In the NetBIOS standard, will identify strategies to use different model names as different NetBIOS node type.

B-node: the way through the broadcast to register and identify NetBIOS names. The IP protocol on the Net BIOS, need to be based on UDP broadcast this way in a small network works well, but when the network increases, will be using a router to a large network is divided into several smaller networks. In general, routers do not forward broadcast data, broadcast packets sent to the local network only. Although you can configure the router to b-node broadcast forwarding UDP broadcasts, but it will produce large amounts of useless network data, and name registration and resolution of the difficulty has increased. Therefore, for larger networks, this approach undesirable.

P-node (peer-to-peer): identification of the name, etc. can provide a very effective method, which uses the NetBIOS name server for name registration and name recognition. So for each NetBIOS computer, you must specify the same NBNS server's IP address. In this way NBNS server is down or change the settings (such as IP addresses, etc.) of the case, name resolution can not be completed, it can not be NetBIOS communication. Of course, the computer can be configured to use NetBIOS over NBNS server to a problem in which the use of backup servers.

M-node (Mixed): In order to properly resolve NetBIOS names, the best combined use of broadcast and the way the name of the server, so the name recognition is a complex process. M-node first by way of B-node broadcasts the name of the recognition process, when the broadcast failed, another way to use P-node query.

H-Node (Hybrid): H-node model is a complex pattern, with M-node difference is to find a different order. H-node first find the NBNS name server, and then use the broadcast query.

Windows in the way of actual use of the name recognition is a standard H-node mode of expansion, Windows family of computers will first check the contents of the cache, and then view the WINS server, after the broadcast, and then find the lmhosts file, and by hosts and DNS lookups. Actual NetBIOS recognition is a complex process, mainly because NetBIOS name resolution is a dynamic way, each computer must register itself.

NetBIOS name of the recognition process

With different DNS, NetBIOS names using dynamic approach to management. DNS data is static, add and remove DNS names require the administrator manually change the configuration file. But the NetBIOS requires a computer on the network automatically register its name, the computer shut down after the occupation of the name will be released, this process does not require administrator intervention. Because it requires additional network data to complete the registration process name, making it unsuitable for large networks such as the Internet. NetBIOS name recognition requires three steps:

Name registration: NetBIOS startup in the computer to occupy the entire network, a NetBIOS name statement, if you have other computers take up the name, the computer will receive an error message. Registration is through the network broadcast a statement to the NetBIOS name server information or to register a way to achieve.

Name Resolution: NetBIOS names by broadcast or query to resolve a NetBIOS name server. In addition, through the lmhosts file and secondary DNS name resolution.

Name deleted: in the system shutdown or provide services to the end of the workstation will remove its occupation of the NetBIOS name.

By NetBIOS name and share name of the directory, we can locate resources on the Windows computer. Microsoft to use U NC to determine the form of a network resource location, a UNC start a double backslash, followed by the provision of resources NetBIOS computer name, then the computer resources of the shared name, the next is the following directory and file name. Such as: \ ntserversharefiles, so use a command of resources:

C:> net use f: \ ntservershare
C:> f:
F:>

Above the net use command will ntserver the share of resources mapped to F: drive.

Name server works

Because b-node broadcast on the network will produce large amounts of information flow, especially in the network is composed of multiple subnets when the router was originally used to isolate broadcast information, but in order for name resolution, you have to forward b- node broadcast packets, which fail to reduce unwanted network traffic purposes.

Using the name server for resolution can avoid this problem, customer inquiries through the pair of name servers instead of broadcasting, information flow would not have spread to every subnet, we can reduce the broadcast data, reduce network of Fudan conserve bandwidth, and effectively improve name resolution speed and accuracy.

Actually existing Windows network or even rarely use the name server for name resolution, which makes these networks there is a big name resolution problems, often there are different neighbor list of different computer networks, the fundamental reason is that broadcast is not guaranteed, it is required to way to resolve the name of the server name resolution problem.

Common NetBIOS computer and NBNS server to communicate with four different communication process:

Name Registration: Each NetBIOS computer starts, all in the name server registration. This automatically updates the database maintained and updated with the dynamic characteristics. Name server will return confirmation message and the name of the survival of TTL. If the customer's name has been taken up, the server will check whether the occupation is still the name of the client on the network to determine whether the name can be used again. This occurred mainly after the crash in the Windows computer to re-register process, because at this point in the computer crashed before it in the name server registered in the name exists, if the name server refused to provide a simple name, then the computer can not re- get their names. Only in true conflict situation, the customer name registration will fail.

Name Update: As each name there is a survival TTL, then when the experienced half of the TTL time, the customer update request to the server, refresh the TTL setting on the server.

Name Release: Customers will communicate with the server shut down the release of its occupation of the NetBIOS name, the name will make the server timeout TTL release the name.

Name Recognition: Customers can send a query to the NBNS name server request for name resolution.

In some cases, clients do not support the name server settings, or use the client software does not support the name server for resolution, you can set up a WINS proxy, which will come in the broadcast data and query the name server to convert, it can help customers Register and respond to customer inquiries broadcasting.







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Easily burn miniDVD using NERO 6

Of: ZAZA

How to burn a real miniDVD CDR above had been the topic of heated discussions in various forums, what we say what is true miniDVD.

Before recording the so-called miniDVD popular there are two ways. One is generated rendering MPEG2 format DVD format audio and video files, and then the SVCD in Nero 5 burning functionality into the file to "force" burn. Because Nero will detect the SVCD format video file format is not generated tips, ignore the prompts to complete burn. But such a "miniDVD" is a pseudo-DVD, the actual file format for playback and do not meet specifications. DVD playback quality is not just whether it is high definition, but also the rich features DVD standard DVD menu. DVD menu with the usual VCD, SVCD menu features more fully is heaven and on earth. DVD menu playback multiple video angles, multi-channel voice, multi-subtitle select, hide directory, change the menu, a virtual three-dimensional menu, hide chapters, AC3 5.1 channel, so these are SVCD, VCD menu features catch up. Just how to make a DVD menu you can write a thick book to.

Another approach is to use DVD authoring software DVD format standard direct production of documents, such documents produced have the following characteristics: including the AUDIO_TS, VIDEO_TS directory that, in the VIDEO_TS directory with extension VOB, BUP, IFO's file. This file format produced with exactly the same as the real DVD, including the AC3 5.1 channel, the menu in which such information. As long as the total length of these documents control within the capacity of a CDR, you can burn miniDVD. Burn this real miniDVD can use Nero 5, but the tips are often complicated to set those back with nothing to burn. That success in the CDR burning above the miniDVD is a difficult and lucky thing.



The emergence of Nero 6 so that we can sit back and burn miniDVD. Need to understand the complex set options. Nero 6 is now to see how easy and quick to burn miniDVD of it.

Here demonstrates using Nero Express 6, respectively, and Nero Burning 6 burn miniDVD approach.



Run Nero Express 6, select the menu Video / Picture option to run the following items burn miniDVD guide.



Burning wizard interface shown above, A is that a good pre-set directory structure miniDVD (DVD directory structure is true, is that recording medium is a DVDR only), there are two directories: AUDIO_TS, VIDEO_TS. VIDEO_TS directory which is red, which is to remind us of the DVD program to create directories which should be placed here. C is that the capacity of the miniDVD show, because usually the use of CDR capacity of 640M, 700M, 800M this specification. Therefore the maximum capacity marked as 800M. In the 640M and 700M respectively, marked with yellow lines and red line out volume position. Add a file time to pay attention to whether the data miniDVD CDR hand over your maximum capacity.

First of all, double-click the red VIDEO_TS directory into the directory, and then press the picture above B Office Add File button.



Now ready to add the miniDVD files, find the DVD video files well in advance, into the VIDEO_TS directory. Demonstrated by the completion of the DVD file as shown above. Nero 6 DVD production line can use NeroVision Express 2 to make, also can use the following procedure:

TMPGEnc DVD Author

Sonic Foundry DVD Architect Inc.

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ULEAD DVD FACTORY

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MediaChance company DVDLAB




[Next]



Select the VIDEO_TS directory of all files, press Add to add to miniDVD directory, and then click Finished to add the end of the process.



Then step back to make wizard interface. See those DVD files on the hard disk has been added to the Nero Express 6 of the miniDVD files directory. Click Next to create miniDVD Nero Express 6 the third interface.



This step interface is miniDVD final preparation before burning, you can choose recorder, set burner burning speed and burning copies. Validation data set is finished burning, I suggest you use this time to select. Burning high-speed recorder, when experience tells us that speed is usually no more than 24X is appropriate. If the recorder is chosen Nero 6 burner built-in virtual image, it will produce a CD-ROM ISO or NRG image file format. Dissemination of this document can be distributed through the network.

All settings are ready, press the Burn button, and recording began.



Often not a long time, Nero Express 6 will tell us burn a miniDVD has been completed. In this way, a miniDVD easy to create. Quickly get the DVD-player a try.

MiniDVD recording completed in some of the DVD player can not play, this is because some DVD players do not support the identification of CDR Media DVD format reasons.

Here to talk about being burned in Nero Burning 6 miniDVD approach.



Nero Burning 6 of the main interface shown in the A Division miniDVD down to find the option to select it with the mouse. New Office and then press B button. Create a miniDVD project.



Nero Burning or previous style, so are the contents of the hard disk documentation project. Find ready miniDVD files, select the Drag to the left after the VIDEO_TS directory. Ready after the button press the A Division of burning. Will pop up Nero Burning 6 of the recording preparation interface.



Burn miniDVD select box in the figure Disc-at-once, and then click the Burn button Burn, Nero Burning 6 start burning miniDVD. After the completion of burn miniDVD arises.






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How to turn your career profile?

Elevator with the boss, the boss does not know who I am; I worked day and night overtime work, credit is not bored me ... ... it?

"Show off your own personal responsibility, you have to let people know who you are and what you've done something," Peggy - Klaus (Peggy Klaus) in her latest book, "Chi Chi sell boast" ( Brag) wrote.

How to do this? The following are the recommendations of Klaus:

1. Anywhere, anytime ready.

Taken the first step is very simple boast. 4 things to remind ourselves every day: your name, title, responsible for the task, and the front of the positive work carried out by the affirmative side. These elements on the lips, speak out at any time to prepare.

2. Gathered in the pantry.

Round-table lunch, tea rooms, coffee machine or vending machine next to, as long as a meeting place for improvisation, is to make people understand the importance of your presence. So, not to stay on your desk, get up and move time to time, lunch time, do not resolve on their own desk.

3. Do not rely on numbers to speak.

Do not think the requirements to achieve the above figures like the figure he would say. Everyone wants to learn from others to show them how to overcome obstacles, this is the best tool you boast. So, do not just report the results of your work should be to share your success, and how to overcome difficulties.

4. The use of public awareness of important people on social occasions.

These important people are usually very busy, it is difficult to have the opportunity to meet face to face or have the chance to chat. However, some public social occasions, such as when the company year-end banquet and other grand assembly, that is the golden opportunity of self-promotion.






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A fully CG production process - the first draft (the original painting)

銆忋? Step1

Draft (original painting)



Drawing lines

In common with the G-PAN photocopy paper depicts about 200dpi big picture, (100% original size) and then scanned into the computer. (Because it is about painting a profile, it did not need to use the pen.)



According to the above look like the path of the exchange will be expressed in the figure. I draw a line here because here is what I like to modify some lines, so my pencil like everyone else, are broad-brush, so this stage is not very good visual effects work.







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Baidu Lotte joint venture Formation of landed four domestic B2C

April 22 message, in the intense preparation for more than three months later, the closely watched joint venture Baidu Lotte landing in Tongzhou, Baidu Mr. Xuyang Ren, vice president of joint venture company with people who attend the admission ceremony, a village of Huang.

It also means following Taobao, Suning and other giant, the forces of another large influx of Internet B2C field, the field of four major domestic B2C model also has this shape.

Tongzhou settled in the joint venture model with B2B2C

Co-operation from the beginning to the floor, Baidu Lotte cooperation entered a substantive stage in less than three months.

January 27, Baidu announced Lotte Japan injected 50 million U.S. dollars joint venture company formed and will be available within a year e-commerce site. Of these, Lotte 51% of the shares owned a controlling stake in the joint venture, holds the remaining 49% stake in Baidu.

April 1, Lotte within the company announced the appointment of Akira Nakamura, a joint venture company as Baidu optimistic people, and at the same time as the president of Lotte China Post. Artesyn Technologies exclusively informed, Koichi Nakamura has come to China not long ago, he and Baidu executives were at the admission ceremony for the joint venture - this is Akira Nakamura, a first public appearance in China this weekend, Koichi Nakamura, also rushed to Shenzhen for a B2C Forum.

According to informed sources, Baidu will copy the Lotte Lotte Japan joint venture business model, using B2B2C model. Joint venture charges, there are three main methods: direct charge to the business settled and information services costs, advertising costs and provide value-added services.

Among them, the joint venture company to absorb the informal businesses to enter, to help SMEs to do e-commerce, and to provide information services to receive part of the costs; by merchants on the site location and in the search process to provide auction services in the way of access to advertising; other joint venture Companies can also pay for goods and logistics part of a gain.

It is reported that Japan's Lotte was founded in 1997, is the world's B2C "platform model" of the pioneer and leader, until now, in Japan, has more than 30,000 regular commercial brands and channels to engage in Lotte B2C e-commerce trading platform, now part of the proceeds has been advertising its total revenue accounted for half.

In fact, the joint Baidu is not the first time Japan's Lotte layout in the Chinese market. Back in June 2004, Lotte hoped that through the investment into China's Internet travel market Ctrip, but in holding Ctrip 3 years, Lotte selected a high exit.

Lotte in Japan for the joint, Baidu said looking forward. Mr. Xuyang Ren had said in March this year, B2C e-commerce strategy is the focus of the next Baidu. If all goes well, Baidu Lotte B2C website can be the fastest on the line this year in July.

Four patterns of domestic confrontation between B2C

The joint venture company Baidu Lotte floor also means that, following Taobao, Suning, Jingdong three B2C model, the domestic B2C market, finally forming the fourth largest model.

However, before landing in Lotte, the former model has their own account for three advantages: portability Taobao C2C fought by the mass users B2C, has launched Taobao Taobao Mall and Circuit City; Suning retail giant Tesco launched a high profile deployment of the network home shopping market power, occupy traditional advantages; Jingdong Mall received 150 million U.S. dollars while venture, is staking their claims across the country.

B2C market veteran, sent on behalf of the network president, Xing Kong Sports to Artesyn Technologies said that the current Taobao, Jingdong, Baidu joint venture with Suning these four models can be summarized into two categories, in essence, Baidu Lotte joint venture with Taobao belongs to a class , were playing in business platform and sellers play a role in between. Suning and Jingdong belong to another model, are purchasing their own office from the manufacturer, with its own logistics, warehousing and other systems.

Xing Kong education that Baidu Taobao joint venture with the only difference is that the latter may be more stringent on the sellers, location is more detailed. In his view, Baidu Lotte joint venture on a temporary floor had no effect on the domestic B2C market.

"The whole market has entered the Competition B2C power stage, a large structure will be formed, but in order to speed-based models and pure B2C model based on traditional channels to the final contest will be staged."

Xing Yu appears in the hole, B2C next pattern change will occur in these two years, the traditional channels will probably occupy 70% of the B2C market share, pure B2C business occupies the other 30% share.

Lei Xu Jingdong Mall vice president, said, B2C market, ushering in a new entrant to the sophist who are no effects, the B2C market is enormous and rapid advances. Baidu currently Lotte Jingdong on understanding the joint venture are not many still focus their efforts to improve their services, brand and size.

According to CNNIC statistics, in 2009 the scale of China's online shopping market reached 248.35 billion yuan trading, up 93.7%, expected size of 2013, net purchase transactions expected to exceed 1 trillion yuan.







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Yin Du Hotel Hebei use Maxima

Pei Yin Du Hotel is located in downtown Xian County, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, surrounding facilities and good transport facilities and their location. Xian County, Cangzhou City, the hotel is the largest investment in the highest star, dining, lodging, entertainment, business and leisure in one of the modern luxury hotel.

November 2009, Yin Du Hotel Hebei Hotel Management System using the Maxima's front desk management system, catering management, membership management systems, back office systems.








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CorelDRAW based cartoon series (3)

4, the female body shape

To keep you down, but once again I remind you: This is a basic cartoon tutorial, where we can not teach you to draw beautiful women who Enchanting! I'm so sorry! But since women make to our social reality is nostalgia goers, then women also can cartoon cartoon world considerably.



(Figure 57)

The shape of the female body, the degree of difficulty in your hands. In other words, whether it is a few strokes or a fine complex in a good performance, to see which type you need. In this case, we are prepared to adopt the shape of a violin to create, you can start according to their need to select the shape. As with men, women's body shapes There are many types, of course, something special to attract our attention, when you can not let the slim girl take all your attention to it! You need to figure the body to select a suitable shape, as close as possible to make it look like we need. Can be exaggerated, but not too weird! (Figure 57,58)



(Figure 58)

I am loyal to thank the computer! Can I even do not draw a straight pencil line or the need to switch freely bend the curve when the computer program presented in front of me a new perspective! Now there is no lack a lot of this type of program can help you complete the work, which, CorelDraw is very good. We are the few examples of the tutorial created by it to.

1. First of all, we still use the CorelDraw to create a 400 x 400 new image, select the rectangle tool in the toolbox, the canvas painting a standard rectangle. In arranging the menu, select "into a curve" command, the rectangular object into a curve object, then the four corners in the rectangle will appear on a node.

2. Right-click the curve on the top left corner and lower right corner of the node, in the middle of the left and right side to add a node. Right-click the node, respectively, from the pop-up menu, select "into a curve" (To Curve); again, right-click on each node, respectively, from the menu, select smooth command (Smooth); will curve inward middle of two nodes drag, then the curve looks like a pillow form. (Figure 59)



(Figure 59)

3. As cartoons, we need to further exaggerate it. Continue to drag the middle of the two nodes, so that image even more exaggerated. (Figure 60)



(Figure 60)

4. In accordance with the above method, the bottom edge of the curve to add a node, drag it up. We have to design a woman below the waist coat, this curve is the dress hem. (Figure 61)



(Figure 61)

5. The color panel behind the screen to select a favorite color, use it to fill the object. Then under the rectangle tool create a rectangle in the T-shirt, jacket hem width to match the width, as shown below (Figure 62), and countless ways to create legs, here, we will use this rectangle to transform.



(Figure 62)




[Next]



6. First the rectangle into a curve, right-click the bottom edge of the left-most node, the node in the menu increases, the bottom curve in the middle of adding a node; and so forth, in the bottom edge of the additional two nodes; to Drag the middle of the node up to form the shape of a simple pants, you are free to fill color for it. (Figure 63)



(Figure 63)



(Figure 64)

7. The following to create the neck area. Create an ellipse with the Ellipse tool, Fill color, place it on top of the female body shape of the upper body (Fig. 64); with the selection tool to select the two objects at the same time, the property bar, click on pruning tools, minus the excess part of the ( Figure 65); then select the toolbar burin tool to cut down two and a half oval, with the selection tool select the above section, delete, and then second half of the ellipse aligned with the body (Figure 66).



(Figure 65)



(Figure 66)

8. Relative to the part of the body, the arm on the much easier, we generally look to the performance. Create an oval-shaped, with a color fill, the removal of contour lines, as part of the upper arm. Similarly, create another, the state of the object is selected, click the box, switch to the object rotation, will rotate to the right point of view it later, with the upper arm with the choice of welding them together; dialog box with the outline for it with 0.5pt contour lines (Figure 67)



(Figure 67)

9. Put it into the body, we might have to rotate to adjust the position once again, to make it look more realistic number. (Figure 68)



(Figure 68)




[Next]



10. By a small keyboard on the "+", copy a copy, select copy, then we use the property bar on the level of the mirror copy Flip Horizontal, placed the other side of the body. (Figure 69)



(Figure 69)

11. With oval + rectangular method to create a simple shoe. In addition a copy, mirror placement. With shoes, slightly adjust the shape of trousers. (Figure 70)



(Figure 70)



(Figure 71)

12. Plus we had to create the shape of the hand, the female body is complete (Figure 71). Then you only need to add some decoration of her head, such as hair, jewelry, hats, etc., this cartoon image is complete. (Figure 72,73)



(Figure 72)



(Figure 73)

If the shape of a body separately, each part is very simple. I usually use three kinds of shapes to create, if necessary then they fit together. Here are three very simple shapes, and use them to create a cartoon based on the image. (Fig. 74,75,76,77)



(Figure 74)




[Next]





(Figure 75)



(Figure 76)



(Figure 77)

5, age changes

This one we are discussing the age change. Age changes in the physical changes on the course, but the main thing is the face. With a face to show age change is not an easy thing to do. Fortunately, in the cartoon, the face is easier to change the age of the performance. You just follow the law of gravity on it. When we are young, the pull of gravity is not so obvious. As the years of growth, we slowly aging, wrinkles his face began to appear, the skin began to relax. In this article, you can feel the changes in an instant. However, aged beauty, it not sad? Therefore, we will use a young man's face as the model, perhaps you can better feel the wisdom of the precipitation, and less regret it!

1. The following figure was a young man's face, smooth skin, no wrinkles, facial lines compaction. (Figure 78)



(Figure 78)

2. Senescence was first starting from the eye. Many people have the wrong thought, to a four-year-old only after the necessary attention to the issue of age. In fact, after 25 years of age, the body functions gradually decline, the body began to decline. The eye skin is the body most vulnerable, leaving traces of time is the first corner. In this figure, we want to make him more mature, on the corner of his eye, add the number of crow's feet, and they extend to the edge of the face. In the eye below the first appearance of bags under the eyes, then just shallow. As she grew older, outer corner of the eye began to slope downward. Cheek and chin muscles began to relax, fine lines appear on both sides of the nose, out of position start sinking, lower jaw appeared fine lines. Hair color should be changed to include the appropriate gray component, but not to the obvious, of course, change of hairstyle is inevitable. Unconsciously, cheeks wider, more spacious forehead. (Figure 79)



(Figure 79)

3. Middle age, face even greater changes. First of all, clear gray hair color, even the eyebrows of the color white. Forehead wrinkles began to appear. Further downward sloping outside corner of the eye, eyelids will also cover the more down. A wider range of bags under the eyes. Lines on both sides of the nose has been extended to the mouth. Facial muscles gradually lose their elasticity, no clear-cut outline clear lines of my face curvature increased, the fat began to appear on the chin.



4. Has passed many years, the year has become a vibrant young grow old by who. A lot of hair off his forehead, and the rest almost entirely white. Wrinkles more and close. Eyebrows and hair, like, rare and white. Degradation of vision, so we had to wear his reading glasses. Corners of the sag is very obvious, and more relaxed eyelids, their eyes lost their shine. Bags under the eyes began to sag, wrinkles deepen. More lines on his face comes up, the chin and cheeks of the fat more to make the face outline is no longer a little tight. Than the width of a lot of young faces. This time, skin loses tension, muscle sagging, wrinkles and cellulite all should show this.



Another point not easy to find a place that is part of the subtle changes in the nose. From middle age, began to gradually droop nose, nose is no longer upright, nose slowly widened.

Is such that you can only make some small changes, you can in a few minutes a young man into an old man. This four graphs are a face, but with the wrinkles and sagging, with the big up.






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Ubuntu 8.04 Active Directory: Likewise

According to Canonical's latest news shows, Ubuntu 8.04 LTS, excellent progress, the official version will be released on schedule after two days. This is a long-awaited end, and also to another era.

Today, I introduce to you the unique components in Ubuntu 8.04: Likewise.

If you have the impression, you should also remember that in Ubuntu 8.04, will add a component that makes the system able to connect with Microsoft Active Directory. Look: Ubuntu 8.04 Hardy Heron Alpha 6: Active Directory and enhanced security

This component is: Likewise, but it is not installed by default, need a friend you can install their own terminal, respectively, CLI and GUI versions can be installed:

sudo apt-get install likewise-open likewise-open-gui

After installation, Ubuntu 8.04 will start the Likewise-open the daemon, and add the system startup daemon in the (/ etc/rc2.d).

So, how to join a Microsoft domain it? Is also very simple:

Command-line method

Enter the following command in the terminal, which your.domain replaced by the name of the domain, username is your user name

sudo domainjoin-cli join your.domain username

Graphic method

In the terminal, enter sudo domainjoin-gui, then it will jump out of a graphical dialog box, as you know how to use:






Since I do not have a Microsoft domain for testing, so I can only show you to this step.

Ubuntu users, according to the foreign reaction, through Likewise, his Ubuntu is not only very convenient to join the Microsoft domain, and identified the DFS file system. If additional SMB, but also set the network printer. Even better, he has the ability to use the Exchange mailbox the Evolution. See also:

Ubuntu 8.04 Active Directory Integration w / Likewise Open

If you have friends to carry out deeper test, please let us know the situation in more detail.

We are very pleased to see that Ubuntu is not only more easy to use, and support better and better, whether it is software or hardware.







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